The Industry 5.0 Paradox in Textile Manufacturing: Socio-Technical and Behavioral Operations in Production Optimization
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Transisi menuju Industri 5.0 menuntut integrasi yang berpusat pada manusia (human-centric) dengan sistem manufaktur canggih. Meskipun model Production Planning and Control (PPC) telah mengoptimalkan parameter mesin secara matematis, inefisiensi operasional dan timbulan limbah (waste) tetap menjadi tantangan persisten di industri pemintalan benang yang beroperasi 24/7. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus kuantitatif eksplanatori pada lini produksi benang Polyester (PE) 100% di PT Excellence Qualities Yarn. Dengan menggunakan lensa Socio-Technical Systems (STS) dan Behavioral Operations Management (BOM), penelitian ini menganalisis data operasional dari mesin Drawing Breaker pada tiga shift kerja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya variansi efisiensi yang signifikan (Shift Pagi: 67,83%; Shift Siang: 68,90%; Shift Malam: 61,25%). Penurunan efisiensi yang drastis pada shift malam (mencapai titik terendah 28,64% akibat downtime 100 menit) membuktikan bahwa parameter teknis statis gagal mengakomodasi degradasi kapasitas fisik manusia. Kesimpulannya, ketidakseimbangan sistem sosio-teknis tidak hanya menurunkan output produksi, tetapi juga meningkatkan rasio waste material yang menghambat keberlanjutan. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan teoritis baru dengan menjembatani penyeimbangan beban mesin (machine balancing) dan faktor perilaku operator dalam mewujudkan resiliensi industri.
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